Macular Degeneration

Macular Degeneration

Macular degeneration is a common eye disease that affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision. It is a leading cause of vision loss in people over 60. 

Types:

• Dry (atrophic) macular degeneration:.The most common type, accounting for 85-90% of cases. It occurs when the macula cells gradually break down, leading to a gradual loss of central vision. 
• Wet (exudative) macular degeneration:.A less common but more severe type, accounting for 10-15% of cases. It occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow under the macula, leaking fluid and blood that damage the macula. 

Symptoms:

Blurred or distorted central vision, Dark spots or shadows in the center of vision, Difficulty reading or seeing fine details, Straight lines appearing wavy or crooked, and Reduced color vision. 

Risk Factors:

• Age (over 60)
• Family history
• Race (white people are at higher risk)
• Smoking
• Obesity
• Cardiovascular disease